Session

Overview: This session explores innovative approaches to clinical research in radiation oncology, challenging traditional methodologies and highlighting the need for adaptability in a rapidly evolving field. The first talk discusses the limitations of RCTs, including their high costs, long timelines, and challenges in keeping pace with technological advancements. The second talk examines the role of real-world evidence, defining its scope, regulatory perspectives, and impact on clinical decision-making. The third talk explores pragmatic trials as a bridge between efficacy and real-world effectiveness, addressing their design and implementation. Finally, the session covers the Trials Within Cohort (TwiCs) approach, demonstrating how cohort-based randomised trials can offer ethical and practical advantages. Together, these talks offer a roadmap for modernizing clinical research in radiation oncology.